Meniscal repair surgery is a procedure aimed at addressing tears or injuries to the meniscus, a C-shaped cartilage structure that provides cushioning and stability to the knee joint. This surgical intervention involves suturing or stitching the torn edges of the meniscus together to promote healing and restore function. Meniscal repair is performed to preserve the integrity of the meniscus and prevent further degeneration of the knee joint.
Meniscal repair surgery is recommended for individuals with symptomatic meniscal tears, particularly in cases where the tear occurs in the vascularized outer portion of the meniscus, known as the red-red or red-white zone. These tears have the potential to heal with appropriate surgical intervention, preserving meniscal function and reducing the risk of long-term complications such as osteoarthritis. Meniscal repair aims to restore knee joint stability, reduce pain, and improve overall joint function.
Meniscal repair surgery is considered necessary for individuals with symptomatic meniscal tears that significantly impact their quality of life and functional ability, particularly in younger patients or athletes who desire to return to sports or physical activities. While some meniscal tears may be managed conservatively with rest, physical therapy, or other non-surgical treatments, meniscal repair is often recommended for tears that are amenable to surgical repair. The decision to undergo surgery is made collaboratively between the patient and their healthcare team, considering factors such as the location and severity of the tear, patient's age, activity level, and functional goals.
Meniscal repair surgery involves several key steps to repair the torn meniscus and promote healing. Surgeons typically use arthroscopic techniques, making small incisions around the knee joint to access the torn meniscus. Specialized instruments and sutures are used to approximate the torn edges of the meniscus and secure them in place. Depending on the size and location of the tear, different repair techniques may be employed, such as inside-out, outside-in, or all-inside methods. Physical therapy is initiated soon after surgery to facilitate recovery, restore range of motion, and strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee.
After meniscal repair surgery, patients undergo a period of recovery and rehabilitation to promote healing and restore function in the knee. Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the recovery process, focusing on exercises to improve range of motion, strength, balance, and neuromuscular control. Patients are advised to follow a structured rehabilitation program under the guidance of a physical therapist to optimize outcomes and minimize the risk of complications. The success of meniscal repair depends on various factors, including the size and location of the tear, patient's age, activity level, and adherence to postoperative protocols. With diligent rehabilitation and appropriate care, many individuals can expect to return to their desired level of activity following meniscal repair surgery.